A. iso-alkane
B. normal-alkane
C. neo-alkane
D. branched-alkane
¨ Alkanes are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. They are often referred to as saturated hydrocarbons because they contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible for a given number of carbon atoms.
¨ When a methyl group (-CH3) is attached to the second carbon atom on the main chain of an alkane, the resulting compound is called an iso-alkane. The prefix “iso-” is used to indicate that the methyl group is attached to an internal carbon atom rather than the end of the chain.
¨ For example, 2-methylpropane (also known as isobutane) is an iso-alkane that has the molecular formula C4H10. It is a colorless, odorless gas that is commonly used as a fuel and a refrigerant.
¨ In contrast, a normal-alkane (also known as a straight-chain alkane) is an alkane in which the carbon atoms are arranged in a continuous, unbranched chain. A neo-alkane (also known as a cycloalkane) is a cyclic alkane in which the carbon atoms are arranged in a ring.
Submitted by :- Jamil Ahmed